What is Java? Explain its key features.

Java is a high-level, object-oriented, platform-independent programming language that enables developers to write code once and run it anywhere (WORA). It is widely used for building web, mobile, and enterprise applications due to its reliability, security, and portability. Java operates on the principle of “write once, run anywhere,” meaning Java applications can run on any device with a Java Virtual Machine (JVM) .

Key Features of Java:
Platform Independence: Java’s “write once, run anywhere” feature ensures code can run on different platforms without modification, thanks to the JVM .
Object-Oriented: Java uses classes and objects to organize code, making it modular, reusable, and easier to maintain .
Simple and Easy to Learn: Java has a straightforward syntax that eliminates complex features like pointers and operator overloading .
Secure: Java provides robust security features, including runtime environment checks, bytecode verification, and a lack of explicit memory manipulation.